Angiosurgeons argue that varicose veins are such a pathological process, due to which the venous wall changes with the subsequent deficiency of the valve.
Reasons
The exact causes of the varicose veins are not yet known.On the basis of epidemiological studies, it has been found that a genetic predisposition affects the pathological process.
The predisposing factors are also known, from which varicose veins may appear:
- violation of the hormonal background (menopause, assumption of estrogen);
- overweight;
- pregnancy;
- long static loads;
- wear tight linen;
- constipation;
- surgery (bypass Artero -Venoso);
- Development defects or obstruction of deep veins.
What do you look like?
Since varicose veins are a modification of the veins, the pathology is classified not only to vascular diseases, but also to cosmetic problems:
- Patients see for the first time the occurrence of a venous model on the legs or the appearance of mesh veins.
- Later, the veins become convincing, raise the skin.
- In the distance phases, the varicose nodes are clearly visible, which represent the confusion and expansion of venous ships.
The violation of tissue trophism leads to a change in skin pigmentation.
Phase (degree)
Different phases or degrees are distinguished, varicose veins.With varicose veins of the 1st degree in patients, heavy leg syndrome is diagnosed so called.Often patients complain of cramps in the calf muscles and swelling, which disappears after rest.
With varicose veins of the 2nd degree, persistent edema occurs, compromised skin pigmentation, stagnant dermatitis.In advanced cases, trophic ulcers appear in the 3rd degree of illness.
The value of prevention
Knowing the predisposing factors of the disease of the disease, attention should be paid to the prevention of varicose veins:
- Wear comfortable shoes and underwear;
- minimization of the work associated with static loads and a prolonged position on the legs;
- physical education lessons;
- Reception of vitamins: C, E, pp;
- Correction of power.
If there is no way to change the work that is the cause of the occurrence of the disease, it is recommended to download gymnastics during the day and the drainage massage in the evening.Wearing elastic bandages and contrasting shower will help to avoid the disease.
Signs
The symptoms of varicose veins are different.The clinical picture depends on the course of the disease and the location of the varicose process.
Legs of the legs
The initial signs of the varicose veins are:
- gravity in the legs;
- stress in the legs;
- struggle when walking;
- Pastinass in the ankle joint (often in the evening);
- convulsions;
- Pain during the expanded veins.
In women, symptoms are growing before menstruation.After rest, the unpleasant sensations in the legs disappear.
Lymphatic deficiency in varicose veins leads to the development of cellulite, dermatosclerosis, trophic ulcers and erisipela.With serious violations of the venous outflow, patients complain about the itching of the skin and dry skin in the area of the vein concerned.
Gradually, instead of the violation of tissue trophism, the skin is thinner and atrophic.Hyper or hypopigmentation develops.With the progression of the pathological process, cyanotic spots and trophic ulcers appear.
In a pronounced process, patients have complaints on:
- increase in fatigue;
- heart beat;
- short breath.
These signs are associated with an increase in the load on the cardiac muscle in relation to the storage of the blood in the venous line.
Varicose veins reticular of the lower ends
A special manifestation of varicose veins is the varicose veins reticular.Clinical manifestations of pathology:
- increase the local temperature in the ankle joint;
- fatigue and heaviness of the legs;
- Dense subcutaneous tissue.
Varicose veins of the esophagus
With a varicose expansion of the esophagus veins, a belief and bags of blood vessels appears.The main cause of the development of the disease is portal hypertension.
The disease manifests itself from the following signs:
- Inflammation of the esophagus;
- Burn, erupt;
- anemia;
- Difficulty swallowing food.
A dangerous complication of the pathology is enormous bleeding from the veins.The patient has vomit with blood, hypotension, tachycardia, compromised consciousness.
Varicosis of the uterus
The forms of internal varicose veins include varicose veins of the uterus.The main reasons for the change in the veins:
- physical activity;
- chronic constipation;
- pregnancy;
- take hormonal contraceptives;
- development anomalies;
- Abortion.
Women with uterine varicose veins complain of pain in the lower abdomen, the violation of the menstrual cycle.The disease can lead to infertility.
Varicose veins of the lips
This type of varicose veins in pregnant women can develop from the second month of pregnancy.The disease develops if there was pelvic thrombosis or there is congenital AngiioDisplasia.
What a varicose veins are waiting for:
- expanded veins of vulva;
- Comb on the skin due to the itching;
- swelling.
The disease is accompanied by unhappy disorders, which explodes in the perineum.The danger is the development of acute thrombophlebitis, a breakage of a damaged ship.
Varicose veins of a small basin
The first signs of varicose veins are pain in the lower abdomen.There are several options for the course of this form of the disease:
- Varicose veins and vulva;
- Pelva Pelvica plethora.
The clinical manifestations of the pathology are observed in 30% of women during pregnancy.The disease is a purely feminine pathology.
The venous plethora occurs from the following signs:
- gravity and pain;
- pain during the relationship;
- Disimorrhea;
- Urination disorder.
Varicocele
The varicosis of the seed cord in men is called Varicocele.The disease leads to a violation of the venous outflow from the testicles.Patients complain of having attracted pain in the scrotum, erectile dysfunction.When examining the testicles, the expanded surface veins are visible, the asymmetry of the scrotum.The reasons for the development of the disease include:
- physical activity;
- congenital deficiency of the connective tissue;
- Tumors in the retroperitoneal or pelvis space.
With the progression of the pathology, spermatogenesis is disturbed, which leads to infertility.The disease can be complicated by bleeding from the interested pots.
Varicose dermatitis
In addition to the clinical symptoms characteristic of progressive varicose veins, its complication should be noted: stagnant dermatitis.In patients, the skin on the veins concerned begins to become thinner and itching.In places of inflammation, spots of dark or light color appear and peeling.
The location of venous dermatitis is the lower part of the leg and the articulation of the ankle. With the combs, the pathological process applies to healthy tissues.If the problem is ignored, inflammation goes into varicose eczema.
Varicoso eczema
Inflammation is stubborn with periods of remission and relapse.The skin lesions are seriously treated even after humans.Due to a violation of the microcirculation, the liquid part of the blood is filtered through the walls of the interested vessels.In the area above the varicose vein, areas of swelling and crying appear.
The bubbles filled with serous or serous content occur on the legs.With the combs, an infection enters the wounds.Foundation, small bubbles form papules.After opening the vesicles, crusts appear.The healing site is diluted and covered with stairs.During the period of exacerbation, the vesicles occur again.The progression of the pathology leads to the formation of trophic ulcers.
Pain as a sign of the disease
Patients often complain about varicose veins, which has improved by the palpation of the ship concerned.In the initial stages, the sign occurs slightly.A person feels weakness and is pain at the end of the day.In the morning, after rest, the symptoms disappear.In late phases, pain syndrome occurs at night.
A combination of pain and convulsions at night or after a prolonged position on the legs is considered a classic manifestation of varicose veins.
Characteristic location of pain for varicose veins:
- Aerial region;
- Trophy ulcer area;
- The calf muscle.
If an increase in total temperature is combined, this may indicate the beginning of the inflammatory process in Vienna - thrombophlebitis.
Vascular stars
Vascular stars are called telangoctousia.The pathology occurs from the expansion of small subcutaneous vases.On the skin it manifests itself in the form of a network of viola or red vases.The causes of telangectasias can be not only venous deficiency, but also:
- Connective tissue diseases;
- pathologies of the hepatobiliary system;
- use of hormonal drugs;
- Endocrine diseases.
The vascular network manifests itself on legs, face or buttocks.Telegioectasia is not a separate disease, but acts as a symptom, which represents more a cosmetic defect.
On the face
On the face, the appearance of a capillary network is called Rosacea.It appears in the event of violation of the rheological properties of the blood, with arterial hypertension or diseases of the digestive system, the negative effects of low temperatures or when they drink alcohol.
In women, the main cause of teleangectia is hormonal renovation.The Gold Standard to eliminate the defect is laser coagulation.
On the feet
On the legs, the vascular network appears due to venous stagnation.Viola networks often accompany varicose veins.As the diseases of Teleangectesia increase.Even after the veins removal, the capillary shirt remains.The methods of its elimination are scleroderma, radio frequency ablation, endovasal laser coagulation.
How to get rid?
Before getting rid of the varicose veins, they are carried out by a complete diagnostics.Patients show blood and urine -examination laboratory methods, reflux detection for subcutaneous veins, functional samples.Of instrumental techniques are assigned:
- Ultrasoni Duplex or Triplex scan;
- Contract phlebography X -Ray;
- Magnetic resonance phlebography;
- Angiography on the multispiral computer with contrast.
After determining the degree of varicose veins, the problem of applying treatment methods - surgical surgery or conservative therapy.
Who treats?
If the first symptoms occur, it is necessary to contact the clinic with a phlebologist or angiosurgus. In district medical structures, surgeons are engaged in this disease.It should be understood that the experience and qualifications of those who deal with varicose veins play a decisive role in the elimination of the problem.Therefore, it is better to contact the specialized centers.
What treatment is it necessary?
With damage to the ships of the lower ends, the following main methods are used:
- surgery;
- sclerosing therapy;
- Conservative treatment.
In advanced cases, the methods are combined.In chronic venous insufficiency with damage to the system of the blood vessel valve and signs of thrombophlebitis, the removal of the veins (phlebectomy) is indicated.The surgery methods with the minimum nature of the invasion include:
- Thermal ablation of the veins: radio frequency, laser, microwave, steam;
- Ablation does not enter: chemical substance with scluchi and mechanochemical drugs.
In order to reduce the symptoms of the disease, systemic therapy is prescribed by drugs.Patients are prescribed:
- antibiotics in inflammatory processes and trophic ulcers;
- antiseptics;
- Fleboprotectors;
- tissue repair stimulants;
- anticoagulants;
- topical steroids with trophic ulcers;
- Local use of drugs containing heparin.
The condition for the effective elimination of varicose veins is compression therapy using elastic bandages, golf, tights.A popular bandage method is a zinc Wewatin bandage for trophic disorders.
What helps better?
The preparations and compression bandages (knitwear) are prescribed only by a doctor, taking into account the stadium of the disease, its complications, the accompanying and patient age pathologies.Therefore, what helps better with varicose veins should say a phlebologist.
It should be understood that the treatment only with drugs will not eliminate the pathology, as well as the use of compression knitwear.
The varicose veins in most cases are only surgically eliminated in combination with other therapy methods.
How to remove itching?
To get rid of the itching with varicose veins, you must know how to remove it.Doctors prescribe moisturizing therapeutic ointments (you can use children's cream).With a serious itching and peeling of the skin, drugs with hormones are prescribed.
They use the compositions with herbal decoctions with an anti -inflammatory effect (chamomile, calendula, sage, a series, hops).
What is dangerous?
The consequences of the varicose veins include phlebitis, trophic ulcers, thrombophlebitis, menstrual violation, erectile dysfunction, infertility.The formation of a thrombus and bleeding from the interested pots is what varicose veins are dangerous.
The clothes of blood torn from the lower ends in a second fall in a small circle of blood circulation, causing thromboembolia of the lung artery.
With bleeding without emergency treatment, a person loses a lot of blood.All these complications lead to disabilities or death without adequate treatment.
Conclusions
Varicosis refers to a common pathology.It develops in people with a hereditary predisposition with excessive static and dynamic loads, as well as with their prolonged absence.
The disease leads to serious complications, so if the first signs occur, it is necessary to contact a phlebologist.
You can get rid of the problem only with an integrated approach.
Patients show surgical treatment methods, drugs, wear compression knitwear and lifestyle correction.